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Dual-phase evolution
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Dual-phase evolution : ウィキペディア英語版
Dual-phase evolution

Dual phase evolution (DPE) is a process that drives self-organization within complex adaptive systems.〔
〕 It arises in response to phase changes within the network of connections formed by a system's components. DPE occurs in a wide range of physical, biological and social systems. Its applications to technology include methods for manufacturing novel materials and algorithms to solve complex problems in computation.
== Introduction ==

Dual phase evolution (DPE) is a process that promotes the emergence of large-scale order in complex systems. It occurs when a system repeatedly switches between phases, and in each phase different processes act on the components or connections in the system. DPE arises because of a property of graphs and networks: the connectivity avalanche that occurs in graphs as the number of edges increases.〔
Social networks provide a familiar example. In a social network the nodes of the network are people and the network connections (edges) are relationships or interactions between people. For any individual, social activity alternates between a ''local phase'', in which they interact only with people they already know, and a ''global phase'' in which they can interact with a wide pool of people not previously known to them. Historically, these phases have been forced on people by constraints of time and space. People spend most of their time in a local phase and interact only with those immediately around them (family, neighbours, colleagues). However, intermittent activities such as parties, holidays, and conferences involve a shift into a global phase where they can interact with people they do not know. Different processes dominate each phase. Essentially, people make new social links when in the global phase, and refine or break them (by ceasing contact) while in the local phase.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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